Spousal Open Work Permit: Application Process and Eligibility
The Spousal Sponsorship Open Work Permit for Canada allows the spouse or common-law partner of a Canadian citizen or permanent resident to work in Canada. This permit is valid for the same period of time as the sponsoring spouse's or partner's work permit.
The main purpose of this permit is to allow the sponsored spouse or partner to work while waiting for their permanent residence application to be processed.
​
It is however not restricted to sponsorship applications by permanent residents or citizens of Canada. You may be eligible for an open work permit if your spouse is currently working or studying in Canada.
What is Spousal Open Work Permit (SOWP)?
​
The Spousal Open Work Permit is a unique type of work permit designed for spouses or common-law partners of temporary foreign workers or international students in Canada. Unlike other work permits, it doesn't tie the holder to a specific employer or job.
​​
Spouses or Common-Law Partners of Foreign Workers:
-
Effective January 21, 2025:
-
The principal foreign worker must be employed in:
-
A high-skilled occupation classified under the Training, Education, Experience, and Responsibilities (TEER) categories 0 (management) or 1 (professional) of the National Occupation Classification (NOC) system.
-
Select high-skilled occupations under TEER categories 2 or 3, particularly in sectors with labor shortages or those aligned with government priorities. These sectors include:
-
Natural and applied sciences
-
Construction
-
Healthcare
-
Natural resources
-
Education
-
Sports and military sectors
-
-
-
The principal foreign worker's permit must have at least 16 months of validity remaining at the time of the spouse's SOWP application.
-
Spouses or Common-Law Partners Being Sponsored for Permanent Residence:
-
Applicants must:​
-
Reside in Canada with their sponsor.
-
Have a genuine relationship with the sponsor.
-
Be included in an application for permanent residence and have received an Acknowledgment of Receipt (AOR) letter from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
-
The open work permit for spouse in Canada offers flexibility, allowing the holder to work for any employer in Canada, without the need for a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).
​
-
Duration: Typically, the duration of the spousal open work permit matches the duration of the primary applicant's study or work permit.
One of the main benefits of this permit is that it allows families to supplement their income, making life in Canada more comfortable.
However, it's essential to ensure that both the primary applicant and the spouse meet all the requirements before applying.
​
General Requirements for SOWP:
-
Applicants must maintain valid temporary resident status in Canada (as a visitor, student, or worker) or be eligible for restoration of status.
-
They must provide proof of the genuine relationship, such as a marriage certificate or evidence of cohabitation.​
-
Depending on the specific situation, additional documents like proof of the principal applicant's employment, enrollment in studies, or immigration status may be required.​
How to apply for an open work permit for a spouse in Canada?
Applying for a spousal work permit can be a straightforward process if you follow the necessary steps and provide the required documentation.
​
-
Determine Eligibility: Before applying, ensure that both the primary applicant and the spouse meet the eligibility criteria.
-
Gather Necessary Documents: This includes copies of the primary applicant's study or work permit, marriage certificate, and proof of relationship.
-
Complete the Application Form: The form, IMM 1295, is available on the Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) website.
-
Pay the Fee: As of my last update, the fee for an open work permit is CAD 255, but it's essential to check the IRCC website for the most recent fees.
-
Submit the Application: You can apply online or through a paper application. Online applications tend to be processed faster.
-
Wait for a Decision: Processing times can vary, but you can check the status of your application online.
-
Receive the Work Permit: If approved, the spouse will receive a work permit that allows them to work for any employer in Canada.
Remember, while the open work permit for spouse in Canada offers flexibility, it's crucial to maintain its validity and adhere to all conditions.
The difference between a spousal open work permit and other work permits
When navigating the Canadian immigration system, understanding the various types of work permits can be crucial. The Spousal Open
Work Permit and other work permits serve different purposes and have distinct features.
​
-
Purpose of Issuance:
-
Spousal Open Work Permit: Specifically for spouses or common-law partners of temporary foreign workers or international students in Canada.
-
Other Work Permits: Issued based on job offers, labor market needs, or other specific criteria.
-
-
Employer Specificity:
-
Spousal Open Work Permit: Allows the holder to work for any employer in Canada without a prior job offer.
-
Other Work Permits (like LMIA-based): Tied to a specific employer and job. Changing jobs would typically require a new work permit.
-
-
Duration:
-
Spousal Open Work Permit: Its validity usually matches the duration of the primary applicant's study or work permit.
-
Other Work Permits: Duration can vary based on the job contract, labor market needs, and other factors.
-
-
Eligibility:
-
Spousal Open Work Permit: Eligibility is primarily based on the status of the primary applicant (worker or student) in Canada.
-
Other Work Permits: Eligibility is often based on job offers, labor market assessments, or specific programs like the International Experience Canada.
-
-
Application Process:
-
Spousal Open Work Permit: Requires proof of relationship and the primary applicant's status in Canada.
-
Other Work Permits: Typically require job offers, Labor Market Impact Assessments (LMIAs), or other specific documentation.
-
Understanding these differences is crucial when planning to work in Canada, as each permit type has its own set of advantages, limitations, and requirements.
Required documents and fees for a spousal work permit in Canada
Applying for a spousal work permit in Canada requires careful preparation and submission of the necessary documentation. Here's a comprehensive guide:
​
-
Proof of Relationship: This can be a marriage certificate for spouses or evidence of a common-law relationship, such as shared bills, joint bank accounts, or photographs.
-
Primary Applicant's Status:
-
Copy of the primary applicant's study or work permit.
-
Proof that the primary applicant is currently studying or working in Canada.
-
-
Completed Application Form: The form, IMM 1295, should be filled out accurately, detailing the applicant's personal information, background, and intent.
-
Passport: A valid passport with an expiry date that exceeds the duration of the intended stay in Canada.
-
Photos: Two recent passport-sized photos as per the specifications provided by IRCC.
-
Medical Examination: Some applicants might be required to undergo a medical examination, especially if they've lived in certain countries for extended periods.
-
Police Clearance: Depending on the country of residence, a police clearance certificate might be required.
-
Proof of Funds: Evidence that the spouse can support themselves financially while in Canada.
-
Processing Fee: As of my last update, the fee for an open work permit is CAD 255. However, always check the IRCC website for the most recent fees.
-
Biometrics Fee (if applicable): Some applicants might need to provide biometrics, which comes with an additional fee.
Once all documents are gathered, ensure they are clear, legible, and as per the specifications provided by IRCC. Any discrepancies or missing documents can lead to delays or rejections.
Processing times and what to expect after applying for a spousal work permit
​
When applying for a spousal work permit in Canada, one of the most common concerns is the processing time. Understanding the timeline and what to expect can help applicants prepare better.
​
-
Average Processing Times: As of my last update, the average processing time for an open work permit for spouse in Canada is around 3-5 months. However, this can vary based on application volume, completeness of the application, and other factors.
-
Factors Affecting Processing Time:
-
Application Volume: Peak seasons or high volumes of applications can lead to extended processing times.
-
Application Completeness: Incomplete applications or missing documents can cause delays.
-
Country of Application: Some visa offices might have longer processing times due to a high number of applications.
-
-
Application Status Updates: Applicants can check the status of their spousal work permit application online through the IRCC portal. Regular updates, such as document requests or decisions, will be posted there.
-
Document Requests: Sometimes, IRCC might request additional documents or clarifications. Responding promptly and accurately can help avoid unnecessary delays.
-
Decision Notification: Once a decision is made on the spousal work permit Canada application, the applicant will be notified. If approved, they will receive instructions on the next steps.
-
Port of Entry (POE) Letter: Approved applicants receive a POE letter, which they must present upon arriving in Canada to get their actual work permit.
-
Work Permit Issuance: The actual spousal open work permit is issued at the Canadian border or port of entry when the spouse arrives in Canada.
-
Rejections: If the application is denied, the decision letter will provide reasons for the refusal. Applicants can consider addressing these issues and reapplying or seeking an appeal if they believe there was an error.
-
Post-Approval: Once the spousal open work permit is granted, the holder can start working for any employer in Canada. It's essential to adhere to the conditions of the permit and ensure it remains valid.
-
Renewals and Extensions: If the primary applicant extends their stay, the spouse can also apply to extend their spousal work permit. It's advisable to apply well before the current permit expires.
Benefits and limitations of the Spousal Open Work Permit
The Spousal Open Work Permit is a boon for many families in Canada, allowing spouses to work and contribute to the household. However, like all permits, it comes with its set of advantages and limitations.
​
-
Benefits:
-
Flexibility: Unlike other work permits, the spousal open work permit is not tied to a specific employer. This flexibility allows spouses to switch jobs without the need for a new permit.
-
Contribution to Household: With the ability to work, spouses can contribute to the household income, easing financial burdens.
-
Gaining Canadian Work Experience: This can be beneficial for future immigration applications, such as applying for permanent residency.
-
No LMIA Required: Employers don't need a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) to hire someone with a spousal work permit.
-
-
Limitations:
-
Dependent on Primary Applicant: The validity of the spousal work permit Canada is tied to the status of the primary applicant. If the primary applicant's status changes, it might affect the spousal permit.
-
Duration: The permit's duration matches the primary applicant's permit, which might be shorter than other types of work permits.
-
Eligibility Criteria: Not all spouses of temporary residents are eligible. The primary applicant must meet specific criteria for their spouse to qualify.
-
-
Considerations:
-
Renewal: If the primary applicant extends their stay or changes their status, the spouse might need to adjust or renew their spousal work permit.
-
Transition to Permanent Residency: Some holders of the spousal open work permit might consider transitioning to permanent residency. It's essential to understand the pathways and requirements.
-
While the spousal open work permit offers numerous advantages, understanding its limitations ensures that families can make the most of their time in Canada.
Common reasons for spousal work permit rejections and how to avoid them
Navigating the process for a spousal open work permit in Canada can be challenging. Understanding common pitfalls can help applicants increase their chances of approval.
​
-
Incomplete Application: Missing out on essential details or not providing all the required documents can lead to a rejection.
-
Solution: Double-check the application against the IRCC checklist for the spousal work permit Canada to ensure completeness.
-
-
Insufficient Proof of Relationship: The IRCC needs concrete evidence that the relationship is genuine.
-
Solution: Provide a comprehensive set of documents, including marriage certificates, photographs, joint bank statements, and other proofs of cohabitation.
-
-
Inadequate Financial Proof: The applicant must demonstrate the ability to support themselves in Canada.
-
Solution: Submit bank statements, employment letters, or other financial documents to prove financial stability.
-
-
Discrepancies in Information: Any inconsistencies between the application and the provided documents can raise red flags.
-
Solution: Ensure all information, from dates to personal details, is consistent across the application and supporting documents.
-
-
Medical or Criminal Inadmissibility: Health issues or a criminal record can lead to a denial of the spousal work permit.
-
Solution: Undergo a medical examination with an approved panel physician and provide police clearances from all countries lived in for more than six months since turning 18.
-
-
Not Meeting Eligibility Criteria: Not all spouses of temporary residents qualify for the open work permit for spouse in Canada.
-
Solution: Thoroughly review the eligibility criteria and ensure both the primary applicant and the spouse meet them.
-
-
Application Presentation: A disorganized or messy application can make it difficult for officers to assess eligibility.
-
Solution: Organize the application neatly, using tabs or dividers, and provide a clear table of contents if submitting a paper application.
-
-
Lack of Clarity in Purpose: Officers need to understand the reason for the application and the intent to stay temporarily.
-
Solution: Clearly articulate the purpose of the spousal work permit application and the intent to abide by its conditions.
-
-
Previous Immigration History: Past refusals or violations of immigration rules can affect the outcome.
-
Solution: If there were previous issues, address them in a cover letter, explaining the circumstances and any changes since then.
-
-
Not Following Updates: Immigration rules and requirements can change.
-
Solution: Always refer to the official IRCC website for the most recent guidelines and requirements for the spousal work permit Canada.
Understanding these common reasons for rejection and proactively addressing them can significantly improve the chances of a successful spousal open work permit application.
Extending or renewing a Spousal Open Work Permit in Canada
​
Life can be unpredictable, and sometimes there's a need to extend one's stay in Canada. Here's a guide on extending or renewing the spousal open work permit.
​
-
Check Eligibility: Before applying for an extension, ensure that the primary applicant (student or worker) has extended or is in the process of extending their permit.
-
Timing: It's crucial to apply for the renewal of the open work permit for spouse in Canada before the current one expires. This ensures the applicant maintains implied status while waiting for a decision.
-
Gather Necessary Documents: This includes the primary applicant's extended permit, updated proof of relationship, and any other documents that have changed since the initial application.
-
Complete the Application Form: The form, IMM 5710, is used for work permit extensions. Ensure all details are accurate and reflect any changes since the initial application.
-
Processing Fee: As of my last update, the fee for extending an open work permit is CAD 255. Always refer to the IRCC website for the most recent fees.
-
Submit the Application: You can apply online, which is often faster than a paper application. Ensure all documents are scanned clearly and are legible.
-
Wait for a Decision: The processing time for extensions can vary. Keep an eye on the IRCC portal for updates on the application status.
-
Decision: If approved, the applicant will receive a new spousal work permit with an extended validity. If denied, the decision letter will provide reasons for the refusal.
-
Maintain Status: While waiting for a decision, the applicant can continue working under the conditions of their expired work permit, thanks to implied status. However, if they leave Canada during this period, they might not be allowed to work upon return until the new permit is issued.
-
Seek Professional Advice: If there are complications or concerns about the extension, it might be beneficial to consult with an immigration lawyer or consultant.
Extending the spousal open work permit ensures that spouses can continue their employment in Canada without interruptions.
Extending or renewing a Spousal Open Work Permit in Canada
​
Life can be unpredictable, and sometimes there's a need to extend one's stay in Canada. Here's a guide on extending or renewing the spousal open work permit.
​
-
Check Eligibility: Before applying for an extension, ensure that the primary applicant (student or worker) has extended or is in the process of extending their permit.
-
Timing: It's crucial to apply for the renewal of the open work permit for spouse in Canada before the current one expires. This ensures the applicant maintains implied status while waiting for a decision.
-
Gather Necessary Documents: This includes the primary applicant's extended permit, updated proof of relationship, and any other documents that have changed since the initial application.
-
Complete the Application Form: The form, IMM 5710, is used for work permit extensions. Ensure all details are accurate and reflect any changes since the initial application.
-
Processing Fee: As of my last update, the fee for extending an open work permit is CAD 255. Always refer to the IRCC website for the most recent fees.
-
Submit the Application: You can apply online, which is often faster than a paper application. Ensure all documents are scanned clearly and are legible.
-
Wait for a Decision: The processing time for extensions can vary. Keep an eye on the IRCC portal for updates on the application status.
-
Decision: If approved, the applicant will receive a new spousal work permit with an extended validity. If denied, the decision letter will provide reasons for the refusal.
-
Maintain Status: While waiting for a decision, the applicant can continue working under the conditions of their expired work permit, thanks to implied status. However, if they leave Canada during this period, they might not be allowed to work upon return until the new permit is issued.
-
Seek Professional Advice: If there are complications or concerns about the extension, it might be beneficial to consult with an immigration lawyer or consultant.
Extending the spousal open work permit ensures that spouses can continue their employment in Canada without interruptions.
How does a spousal work permit affect permanent residency applications?
​
The journey from a spousal open work permit to permanent residency (PR) in Canada is a topic of interest for many spouses. Understanding the implications and benefits can help in planning a long-term stay in Canada.
​
-
Canadian Work Experience: Holding a spousal work permit allows the spouse to gain Canadian work experience. This experience can be valuable when applying for PR, especially under programs like the Canadian Experience Class (CEC).
-
No Direct Pathway: It's essential to understand that the spousal open work permit itself doesn't provide a direct pathway to PR. However, it can be a stepping stone, making the spouse eligible for certain immigration programs.
-
Express Entry System: The Canadian work experience gained through the spousal work permit can boost the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) scores in the Express Entry system, increasing the chances of receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for PR.
-
Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs): Some provinces have specific streams for candidates with Canadian work experience. The experience gained through the open work permit for spouse in Canada can be utilized to apply through these PNPs.
-
Family Class Sponsorship: If the primary applicant (worker or student) gains PR, they can sponsor their spouse for permanent residency. The spousal work permit ensures that the spouse can continue working in Canada while the sponsorship application is processed.
-
Adherence to Conditions: To maintain good standing for future PR applications, it's crucial to adhere to the conditions of the spousal work permit. Any violations can negatively impact future immigration applications.
-
Language Proficiency: While the spousal work permit doesn't have stringent language requirements, PR applications often do. Spouses can use their time in Canada to improve their language skills, which can benefit their PR application.
-
Integration into Canadian Society: Working in Canada on a spousal work permit allows the spouse to integrate better into Canadian society, understand the culture, and build networks. This integration can be advantageous when transitioning to permanent residency.
-
Continuous Stay: The spousal open work permit ensures that spouses can stay continuously in Canada with their partners. Continuous stay can be a factor in certain PR applications, ensuring the applicant meets the physical presence requirements.
-
Seek Professional Guidance: Given the complexities of transitioning from a spousal work permit to PR, it's advisable to seek guidance from immigration consultants or lawyers to understand the best pathways and ensure all requirements are met.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - SOWP
​
Q. Can I work for any employer with a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Yes, a Spousal Open Work Permit allows you to work for any employer in Canada without requiring a job offer or Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).
​
Q. Can I apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit if my spouse is a Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) holder?
A. Yes, you can apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit if your spouse is a PGWP holder and is working in an occupation classified under NOC TEER level 0, 1, 2, or 3.
​
Q. How long is a Spousal Open Work Permit valid for?
A. The duration of a Spousal Open Work Permit generally matches the length of the spouse's work or study permit.
Q. Can I extend my Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Yes, you can apply for an extension of your Spousal Open Work Permit, as long as your spouse's work or study permit is still valid and they continue to meet the eligibility requirements.
Q. Do I need a job offer to apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. No, you do not need a job offer to apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit.
Q. Can I study in Canada with a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Yes, you can study in Canada with a Spousal Open Work Permit, but you may be required to apply for a study permit if your program is longer than six months.
Q. Can my children also work or study in Canada if I have a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Your children may be eligible for a study permit or an open work permit as dependents, depending on their age and other factors.
​
Q. Can I apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit from outside Canada?
A. Yes, you can apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit from outside Canada. However, the process may be slightly different, and you may need to apply for a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) depending on your country of citizenship.
​​
Q. Is it possible to apply for permanent residency while holding a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Yes, you may be eligible to apply for permanent residency through various immigration programs, such as the Canadian Experience Class, Federal Skilled Worker Program, or Provincial Nominee Programs, depending on your qualifications and experience.
Q. What should I do if my spouse loses their job or stops studying while I have a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. If your spouse loses their job or stops studying, you must inform Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) as soon as possible. Depending on the circumstances, you may be required to apply for a new work permit or leave Canada.
Q. Can I apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit while I am on a visitor visa in Canada?
A. Yes, you can apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit while you are in Canada on a visitor visa. However, you must meet all the eligibility requirements, and your spouse must have a valid work or study permit.
Q. How does the Spousal Open Work Permit application process work if my spouse is a refugee or asylum seeker?
A. If your spouse is a refugee or asylum seeker, you may still be eligible for a Spousal Open Work Permit. However, the process may be different, and you should consult an immigration professional or the IRCC for guidance.
​
Q. What are my options if my Spousal Open Work Permit is about to expire, and I have not yet received a decision on my permanent residency application?
A. If your Spousal Open Work Permit is about to expire, and you have not received a decision on your permanent residency application, you may be eligible for a Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP). This permit allows you to continue working in Canada while you wait for a decision on your permanent residency application.
Q. Can I travel outside Canada and return with a Spousal Open Work Permit?
A. Yes, you can travel outside Canada and return with a Spousal Open Work Permit. However, you may also need a valid Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to re-enter Canada, depending on your country of citizenship.
Q. What happens to my Spousal Open Work Permit if my spouse's work or study permit expires or is not renewed?
A. If your spouse's work or study permit expires or is not renewed, your Spousal Open Work Permit will also become invalid. You must either apply for a new work permit, change your status to a visitor, or leave Canada.
​
Need help in applying for Spouse open work permit (SOWP)? Hire an authorized paid representative.
​
IMMERGITY Immigration Consultant are very experienced with the application process and can help you navigate the system. We will also provide valuable insights and tips on how to increase your chances of success. Get in touch now.
​
If you're thinking of hiring a representative, be sure to check that they're authorized by IRCC. You can verify our credentials by clicking here.
​
Hiring a representative is not required, but it can be helpful, especially if you're not familiar with the application process. If you decide to hire a representative, be sure to choose someone who you trust and who you feel comfortable working with.